Siargao Island is geographically and politically located within the jurisdiction of the province of Surigao del Norte specifically at the Northeastern portion of Mindanao. The island lies between 125⁰50’ and 126⁰5’ east longitude and between 9⁰3’ and 10⁰5’ north latitude. It is bounded on the North by Surigao Strait, on the South by the mainland part of the province of Surigao del Norte, on the east by Philippine Sea and on the west by Hinatuan passage.
The island is categorized and established as Siargao Island Protected Landscape and Seascape by virtue of Presidential Proclamation No. 902 by His Excellency Fidel V. Ramos on October 10, 1996, covering an area of 278,914.131 has. It is composed of several islands and islets, the land area is 62,658.87 has. and the remaining 216,255 has. comprise the marine areas. It covers nine (9) municipalities namely; Burgos, Dapa, Del Carmen, General Luna, Pilar, San Benito, San Isidro, Sta. Monica and Socorro.
It is one of the three priority protected areas in the Mindanao Biogeographic Zone characterized by a unique combination of ecosystems of marine, wetland and terrestrial areas.