NIGS was created through Executive Order No. 889 by the President of the Republic of the Philippines in March 1983. In order to implement the Executive Order, the Board of Regents of the University of the Philippines (UP) System authorized on the 26th of May 1983 the organization of the NIGS from the Geology section of the former Department of Geology and Geography of the College of Arts and Sciences (CAS) in UP Diliman. The CAS eventually was split into three distinct Colleges, namely College of Social Sciences and Philosophy (CSSP) and College of Science (CS). During the reorganization of the CAS, the NIGS became an academic unit of the CS. Actual operation of the NIGS started in January 1984.